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Fish collagen foam properties optimalization for medical and veterinary use.
Lukáč, Peter ; Grus, Tomáš (advisor) ; Rohn, Vilém (referee) ; Matia, Ivan (referee)
V průběhu projektu byly vyvinuty unikátní kolagenní pěny z kolagenu získaného z kůže sladkovodní ryby (kapr obecný, Cyprinus carpio). Pomocí síťování karbodiimidem byl překonán problém s nestabilitou kolagenní matrix z kolagenu získávaného z chladnokrevných živočichů při tělesné teplotě savců. Následně byly pěny impregnovány antibiotiky (gentamicin a vankomycin) a opětovně lyofilizovány, což je postup, který zajišťuje požadovanou koncentraci antibiotika bez rizika následného vymytí při dalších technologických krocích. Uvedený produkt je, na rozdíl od přípravků z nesíťovanéhokolagenu, stabilní i při sterilizaci gamma zářením. Finální sterilizovaný produkt byl testován in vivo na potkaním modelu infikované rány. Byla prokázána efektivita v léčbě potenciálně letální infekce Pseudomonas aeruginosa a kmene Stafylococcus aureus rezistentní k meticilinu (MRSA). Vzhledem k vysoké potřebě profylaxe a terapie infekcí pooperačních a jiných ran právě výše uvedenými polyrezistentními původci se jedná o slibný prostředek k budoucímu klinickému využití. Zkušenosti, které jsme získali v průběhu uvolnování ATB z kolagenních pěn budou v dalším vyvoji použity pro impregnaci zevní kolagenní vrstvy cévní protézy, čímž bychom mohli eliminovat jednu z největších nevýhod a rizik spojených s použitím umělých materiálu a tím je...
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Determination of selected biomarkers of nephrotoxicity in urine and plasma.
Pražáková, Aneta ; Maixnerová, Jana (advisor) ; Bárta, Pavel (referee)
Charles University Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology Student: Aneta Pražáková Supervisor: RNDr. Jana Maixnerová, Ph.D. Title of diploma thesis: Determination of selected biomarkers of nephrotoxicity in urine and Plasma The discovery and development of novel biomarkers, that can be used for diagnosis of kidney damage earlier and more accurately, are needed for the effective prediction of drug-induced nephrotoxicity. Mechanisms of drug-induced nephrotoxicity include changes in glomerular hemodynamics, tubular cell cytotoxicity, inflammation, crystalline nephropathy, etc. Detection at initial stage of damage using sensitive and specific biomarkers belongs between one of the most important strategies in the treatment of acute kidney injury and renal failure. Although some these biomarkers do not show specificity and sensitivity, several promising biomarker candidates have been established recently to evaluate nephrotoxicity, e.g. selected KIM-1, cystatin C and NGAL. The advantages of these biomarkers compared to traditionally used biomarkers are higher sensitivity, specificity, just mentioned early diagnosis and non-invasiveness (the possibility of determination levels of the biomarkers from blood or urine). The aim of this diploma thesis was to determine...
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Determination of selected biomarkers of nephrotoxicity in urine and plasma.
Pražáková, Aneta ; Maixnerová, Jana (advisor) ; Bárta, Pavel (referee)
Charles University Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology Student: Aneta Pražáková Supervisor: RNDr. Jana Maixnerová, Ph.D. Title of diploma thesis: Determination of selected biomarkers of nephrotoxicity in urine and Plasma The discovery and development of novel biomarkers, that can be used for diagnosis of kidney damage earlier and more accurately, are needed for the effective prediction of drug-induced nephrotoxicity. Mechanisms of drug-induced nephrotoxicity include changes in glomerular hemodynamics, tubular cell cytotoxicity, inflammation, crystalline nephropathy, etc. Detection at initial stage of damage using sensitive and specific biomarkers belongs between one of the most important strategies in the treatment of acute kidney injury and renal failure. Although some these biomarkers do not show specificity and sensitivity, several promising biomarker candidates have been established recently to evaluate nephrotoxicity, e.g. selected KIM-1, cystatin C and NGAL. The advantages of these biomarkers compared to traditionally used biomarkers are higher sensitivity, specificity, just mentioned early diagnosis and non-invasiveness (the possibility of determination levels of the biomarkers from blood or urine). The aim of this diploma thesis was to determine...
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The effect of targeted rehabilitation on vestibular compensation in patients after vestibular schwannoma resection.
Holá, Irena ; Čakrt, Ondřej (advisor) ; Čada, Zdeněk (referee)
The thesis deals with the evaluation of the impact of preoperative application of gentamicin on vestibular compensations of patient after vestibular schwannoma surgery. The trial involved 32 patients with diagnosed vestibular schwannoma and hospitalized with the indicated for neurosurgical resection at the University Hospital Motol. Ototoxic gentamicin was transtympanically applied to ten of these patients two months before their surgery. After the surgery the patients underwent a rehabilitation program based on the visual biofeedback using the Homebalance system. To evaluate the vestibular compensation the subjective visual vertical measurement and the Dynamic Gait Index standardized walking test were used. In total, each patient performed three examinations: before the surgery, after the surgery and before the end of hospitalization. Statistical analysis of the measured data showed the statistically significant increase tilt of subjective visual vertical and the decrease in the overall score of Dynamic Gait Index after surgery. Reduction in the subjective visual vertical tilt and the overall score of Dynamic Gait Index after rehabilitation has not been proven to be statistically significant. Any statistically significant difference was found between the group of patients treated by gentamicin and...
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